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Securing
This section describes security features, including execution control lists, IDs, and TLS.
Multi-server session-based authentication (single sign-on)
Multi-server session-based authentication, also known as single sign-on (SSO), allows Web users to log in once to a Domino® or WebSphere® server, and then access any other Domino or WebSphere servers in the same DNS domain that are enabled for single sign-on (SSO) without having to log in again.
Setting up Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients
You can set up a Domino® Web server to honor Microsoft™ Windows™ users' Active Directory logon credentials. Web users who are logged on to the Active Directory domain can open applications on the server from a browser without being prompted for a password.
Setting up the Windows™ service for Domino®
To enable a Domino® server to participate in Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients, an Active Directory administrator must use the Active Directory setspn utility to assign at least one service principal name (SPN) for the server to an Active Directory account. SPNs correspond to DNS names in server URLs (for example, www.renovations.com) that Web clients use to connect to the Domino server.
Assigning SPNs using the domspnego utility
A command line utility, domspnego.cmd, is installed in the HCL Domino® server installation directory to help automate the process of assigning SPNs to an Active Directory account.

Securing
This section describes security features, including execution control lists, IDs, and TLS.
- Overview of Domino security
  Setting up security for your organization is a critical task. Your security infrastructure is critical for protecting your organization's IT resources and assets. As an administrator, you need to give careful consideration to your organization's security requirements before you set up any servers or users. Up-front planning pays off later in minimizing the risks of compromised security.
- Server access for Notes® users, Internet users, and Domino® servers
  To control user and server access to other servers, Domino® uses the settings you specify on the Security tab in the Server document as well as the rules of validation and authentication. If a server validates and authenticates the Notes® user, Internet user, or server, and the settings in the Server document allow access, the user or server is allowed access to the server.
- The database access control list
  Every .NSF database has an access control list (ACL) that specifies the level of access that users and servers have to that database. Although the names of access levels are the same for users and servers, those assigned to users determine the tasks that they can perform in a database, while those assigned to servers determine what information within the database the servers can replicate. Only someone with Manager access can create or modify the ACL.
- Domino® server and Notes® user IDs
  Domino® uses ID files to identify users and to control access to servers. Every Domino server, Notes® certifier, and Notes user must have an ID.
- The execution control list
  You use an execution control list (ECL) to configure workstation data security. An ECL protects user workstations against active content from unknown or suspect sources, and can be configured to limit the action of any active content that does run on workstations.
- Domino® server-based certification authority
  You can set up a Domino® certifier that uses the CA process server task to manage and process certificate requests. The CA process runs as a process on Domino servers that are used to issue certificates. When you set up a Notes® or Internet certifier, you link it to the CA process on the server in order to take advantage of CA process activities. Only one instance of the CA process can run on a server; however, the process can be linked to multiple certifiers.
- TLS security
  Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a security protocol that provides communications privacy and authentication for Domino® server tasks that operate over TCP/IP.
- TLS and S/MIME for clients
  Clients can use a Domino® certificate authority (CA) application or a third-party CA to obtain certificates for secure TLS and S/MIME communication.
- Encryption
  Encryption protects data from unauthorized access.
- Name-and-password authentication for Internet/intranet clients
  Name-and-password authentication, also known as basic password authentication, uses a basic challenge/response protocol to ask users for their names and passwords and then verifies the accuracy of the passwords by checking them against a secure hash of the password stored in Person documents in the Domino® Directory.
- Time-based one-time password (TOTP) authentication
  When users log on to a Domino Web server, you can require that they provide time-based one-time passwords in addition to their user names and passwords.
- Multi-server session-based authentication (single sign-on)
  Multi-server session-based authentication, also known as single sign-on (SSO), allows Web users to log in once to a Domino® or WebSphere® server, and then access any other Domino or WebSphere servers in the same DNS domain that are enabled for single sign-on (SSO) without having to log in again.
  - Creating a Web SSO configuration document
    The Web SSO configuration document is a domain-wide configuration document stored in the HCL Domino® Directory. This document, which should be replicated to all Domino servers participating in the single sign-on domain, is encrypted for participating servers and administrators, and contains a shared secret key used by servers for verifying user credentials.
  - Enabling single sign-on and basic authentication
    This procedure ensures that a server can participate in single sign-on (SSO). An SSO-enabled server creates single sign-on cookies for users, allowing them to log in to the server and then be able to access other participating servers without having to log in again.
  - Setting up the Web SSO Configuration document for more than one Domino® domain
    You can enable servers in your current Domino® domain for single-sign on (SSO) with servers in another Domino domain, by setting up both domains to use the same key information.
  - Configuring user name mapping in the SSO LTPA token
    The LTPA token that is created to authenticate users for single sign-on includes the name of the user who has been authenticated. When HCL Domino® creates an LTPA token, it places the Domino distinguished name in the token by default. If a IBM® WebSphere® Application Server server obtains the token from a user trying to access the server, the Websphere server must be able to recognize this name format. If it does not, the token is ignored, single sign-on fails, and the user is prompted to log in again.
  - Caching Internet password changes for SSO
    When Web users change their Internet passwords, the HCL Domino® HTTP server remembers the new Internet password in its cache. Caching is required because it can take some time for the password change to take effect, as the change must be processed by the Domino administration server and replicated throughout the Domino environment.
  - Setting up Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients
    You can set up a Domino® Web server to honor Microsoft™ Windows™ users' Active Directory logon credentials. Web users who are logged on to the Active Directory domain can open applications on the server from a browser without being prompted for a password.
    - Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients across multiple Active Directory domains
      If your Windows™ environment includes multiple Active Directory domains, you can set up Windows single sign-on for Web clients to function across the domains. There are additional requirements and recommendations for this configuration.
    - Considerations if you deploy a DSAPI filter in a Windows™ single sign-on environment
      Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients can be used in conjunction with HCL Domino® Web server customizations. DSAPI (Domino web server application programming interface) is a C API you can use to write your own extensions to the Domino Web server, whereby these extensions (for example filters) allow you to customize the behavior of the Web server.
    - Preparing a Domino® server for Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients
      You must prepare a Domino® server for Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients.
    - Setting up the Windows™ service for Domino®
      To enable a Domino® server to participate in Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients, an Active Directory administrator must use the Active Directory setspn utility to assign at least one service principal name (SPN) for the server to an Active Directory account. SPNs correspond to DNS names in server URLs (for example, www.renovations.com) that Web clients use to connect to the Domino server.
      - Deciding which accounts to assign the SPNs to
        You must decide which Active Directory account to assign a Domino® server's SPNs to. The Domino server must log on under this account as a Microsoft™ Windows™ service.
      - Assigning SPNs using the domspnego utility
        A command line utility, domspnego.cmd, is installed in the HCL Domino® server installation directory to help automate the process of assigning SPNs to an Active Directory account.
      - Assigning SPNs without using the domspnego utility
        In certain cases you might want to assign Service Principal Names (SPNs) manually, rather than using the Domino utility.
      - Examples of account choices and SPNs
        This topic provides examples of using the setspn utility to assign Service Principal Names (SPNs) in Active Directory.
      - Verifying that the Domino® server is logged on under the correct account
        After you have assigned SPNs to an account, verify that the Domino® server is logged on under that account.
    - Configuring user name mapping in a Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients environment
      Web users that participate in Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients have accounts in Active Directory. They usually have Person documents in the Domino® Directory too. You configure user name mapping to enable a HCL Domino server to reconcile user names found in both directories.
    - Configuring Web client browsers for Windows™ single sign-on
      To set up Windows™ single sign-on for Web clients, you must set up browsers to authenticate to theHCL Domino® server using SPNEGO.
    - Enabling integrated Windows™ authentication (IWA) for Eclipse-based clients
      Integrated Windows™ authentication (IWA) is available for supplied and third-party Eclipse-based client applications, enabling SPNEGO authentication for Eclipse-based features and applications within the Notes® client, for example, embedded HCL Sametime®.
- Using Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) to configure federated-identity authentication
  Federated identity is a means of achieving single sign-on, providing user convenience and helping to reduce administrative cost. In Domino® and Notes®, federated identity for user authentication uses the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) standard from OASIS.
- Using a credential store to store credentials
  A Domino® server can use a credential store application as a secure artifact repository. Examples of secure artifacts include authentication credentials and security keys.
- History of supported key sizes in Notes and Domino
  Understand the RSA key sizes supported by Notes® and Domino® from past releases to the current release.

Assigning SPNs using the domspnego utility

A command line utility, domspnego.cmd, is installed in the HCL Domino® server installation directory to help automate the process of assigning SPNs to an Active Directory account.

This utility prompts you for the DNS names used in URLs in your environment, providing guidance on where in the Domino® Directory to find them. Once the information is collected, the utility generates a command file that contains suggested setspn utility commands that your Active Directory administrator can optionally modify and then run to assign the SPNs to a specific account in Active Directory.

Use the domspnego -? option to see help on using the utility.