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Triage and analysis
Grouping similar findings allows security analysts or IT auditors to segment and triage source code problems. This section explains how to triage AppScan® Source assessments and analyze results.
Triage with exclusions
After a scan, you may decide that some findings are irrelevant to your current work, and you do not want them visible in the findings table when you triage the scan results. These exclusions (or excluded findings) no longer appear in the Findings view and the assessment metrics update immediately with the changed results. Filter and bundle exclusions added to a configuration only take effect on subsequent scans.
Example: Specifying filter exclusions
Filter criteria determine if the filter excludes the findings that match or do not match the filter.
Example: Filtering and excluding a directory
In this example, a filter is created that only shows findings that contain Microsoft™ include files. This filter is then used to narrow down the list of findings (we will exclude all findings that match the filter).

Developing
Learn how to develop by using the product.
- Scanning source code and managing assessments
  This section explains how to scan your source code and manage assessments.
- Triage and analysis
  Grouping similar findings allows security analysts or IT auditors to segment and triage source code problems. This section explains how to triage AppScan® Source assessments and analyze results.
  - Displaying findings
    The Findings view, or any view with findings, displays a findings tree (a hierarchical grouping of assessment criteria) and a findings table for each scan. The item that is selected in the findings tree determines the findings that are presented in the table.
  - The AppScan® Source triage process
    The triage process includes manipulating findings through bundles, filters, and exclusions - and comparing assessment results.
  - Sample triage
    This example describes an AppScan® Source triage workflow used by a security analyst. Triage workflow may vary according to your business needs.
  - Triage with filters
    AppScan® Source for Analysis reports on all potential security vulnerabilities and may produce many thousands of findings for a medium to large code base. When you scan, you may find that the findings list contains items that are not important to you. To remove certain findings from the Findings view, you can choose a predefined filter or you can create your own filter. A filter specifies the criteria that determine which findings to remove from view.
  - Triage with exclusions
    After a scan, you may decide that some findings are irrelevant to your current work, and you do not want them visible in the findings table when you triage the scan results. These exclusions (or excluded findings) no longer appear in the Findings view and the assessment metrics update immediately with the changed results. Filter and bundle exclusions added to a configuration only take effect on subsequent scans.
    - The scope of exclusions
      Exclusions apply to all applications (global), individual applications, or projects.
    - Specifying exclusions
      Findings can be marked as exclusions from a findings table or the Properties view. Exclusions may consist of individual findings, filters, or bundles. Typically, exclusions created from a findings table take effect immediately. Exclusions created in the Properties view require an additional scan to take effect.
    - Marking findings as exclusions in a findings table
    - Re-including findings that have been marked as exclusions
      Excluded findings appear in the Excluded Findings view . From this view, you can re-include excluded findings.
    - Example: Specifying filter exclusions
      Filter criteria determine if the filter excludes the findings that match or do not match the filter.
      - Example: Filtering and excluding a directory
        In this example, a filter is created that only shows findings that contain Microsoft™ include files. This filter is then used to narrow down the list of findings (we will exclude all findings that match the filter).
      - Example: Filtering and excluding APIs
        A common triage scenario might occur early in the triage process when you want to prioritize your findings and there are certain findings that you want to exclude. For example, you determine that three APIs are not threats and you would like to exclude these APIs from subsequent scans.
    - Specifying bundle exclusions from the Properties view
      A bundle exclusion eliminates the findings in the bundle. You can only exclude bundles from applications.
  - Working with bundles
    Bundles (a grouping mechanism for findings) allow you to import a snapshot of findings from AppScan® Source for Analysis to AppScan Source for Development. Once findings are in bundles, you can use AppScan Source for Development to open the project that contains the bundle, import the bundle, or open a saved bundle file (file_name.ozbdl).
  - Working with static analysis fix groups
    Fix groups are a new approach to managing, triaging, and resolving issues found in static analysis scans. After running a static scan, AppScan® Source organizes issues into fix groups based on vulnerability type and the required remediation task.
  - Modifying findings
    Modified findings are findings that have changed vulnerability types, classifications, or severities - or that have annotations. The Modified Findings view displays these findings for the current application (the application that is active as a result of opening an assessment for it). In the My Assessments view (available only in AppScan® Source for Analysis), the Modified column indicates if a finding has changed in the current assessment.
  - Comparing findings
    Use the Diff Assessments action or the AppScanDelta utility to compare assessments. When two assessments are compared, the differences between the two are displayed in the Assessment Diff view or in an .ozasmt file. The results summarize new, fixed/missing, and common findings.
  - Custom findings
    To augment your analysis results, you can create custom findings. These are user-created findings that AppScan® Source for Analysis adds to the currently-open assessment or selected application. Custom findings impact assessment metrics and can be included in reports. Once created, a custom finding is automatically included in future scans of the application.
  - Resolving security issues and viewing remediation assistance
    AppScan® Source alerts you to security errors or common design flaws and assists in the resolution process. The AppScan Source Security Knowledgebase - and internal or external code editors - help with this process.
  - Supported annotations and attributes
    Some annotations or attributes that are used to decorate code are processed during scans. When a supported annotation or attribute is found in your code during a scan, the information is used to mark the decorated method as a tainted callback. A method marked as a tainted callback is treated as if all of its arguments have tainted data. This results in more findings with traces. Supported annotations and attributes are listed in this help topic.
- AppScan® Source trace
  With AppScan® Source trace, you can verify input validation and encoding that meets your software security policies. You can look at the findings that produce input/output traces and mark methods as validation and encoding routines, sources or sinks, callbacks, or taint propagators.
- AppScan® Source for Analysis and defect tracking
  AppScan® Source for Analysis integrates with defect tracking systemsIBM® Rational Team Concert™ to deliver confirmed software vulnerabilities directly to the developer desktop. Defect submission to a defect tracking system contains a textual description of the bug and a file that contains only the findings submitted with the defect.
- Findings reports and audit reports
  Security analysts and risk managers can access reports of select findings or a series of audit reports that measure compliance with software security best practices and regulatory requirements. This section explains how to create reports of aggregate finding data.
- Creating custom reports
  In the Report Editor, you create report templates used to generate custom reports.

Example: Filtering and excluding a directory

In this example, a filter is created that only shows findings that contain Microsoft™ include files. This filter is then used to narrow down the list of findings (we will exclude all findings that match the filter).

Procedure

In the Directory section of the Filter Editor view, add the path to the Microsoft™ include files (for example, C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\include).
Select Restrict to to make this an inclusive rule.
On the Findings view toolbar, click Show findings that do not match the filter to see only findings for Microsoft™ header files. This allows you to see what the scan results will look like after applying the filter's inverse globally and scanning again.
Save the filter with a name, such as MS Includes.
Return to the Configuration perspective and, in the Explorer view, select the C/C++ application or project.
If an application is selected, open the open the Exclusions and Filters tab of the Properties view. If a project is selected, open the Filters tab of the Properties view. Click Add. Select MS Includes and then select Invert filter.
Save the changes in the Properties view and then scan the application or project again.
Return to Triage. The findings in the exclusion appear in the Excluded Findings view.